Canine Senses

Dogs live in the same world we do, but experience it very differently. Dogs experience much of their environment through scent.

How dogs experience the world

Smell

How it differs from us: Dogs have far more scent receptors than humans and a large part of the brain devoted to processing smell. A separate organ (the vomeronasal organ) also detects chemical signals.
What it means for your dog: Sniffing is information gathering, which is why a sniff walk can be as tiring as a run.

Hearing

How it differs from us: Dogs can hear higher-pitched sounds than people and can move their ears to locate sounds.
What it means for your dog: Everyday noises can feel louder or more startling to them.

Vision

How it differs from us: Dogs see fewer colors than most people (mainly blues and yellows) and are very good at detecting motion, especially in dim light.
What it means for your dog: A red toy on green grass may be harder for them to spot than a blue one.

Touch

How it differs from us: Whiskers are sensitive touch receptors that help with nearby objects and air movement.
What it means for your dog: Many dogs prefer gentle chest or shoulder scratches over pats on the head.

Taste

How it differs from us: Dogs have fewer taste buds than people; smell plays a big role in what tastes appealing.
What it means for your dog: Food enrichment works partly because it engages the nose.

Sources & further reading

Horowitz, A. (2009). Inside of a Dog: What Dogs See, Smell, and Know. Scribner.

Daphne's Doggy Daycare provides this information for general educational purposes only. It is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any medical or behavioral condition. Always consult your veterinarian or qualified veterinary professional regarding concerns about your dog.

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